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	<title>HIGH NOTES &#8211; The Voice Detective</title>
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	<title>HIGH NOTES &#8211; The Voice Detective</title>
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		<title>HN009 SICILIAN CARDINALS ARE NATURAL SINGERS</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2025/06/hn-hn009-sicilian-cardinals-are-natural-singers/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 2025 07:40:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=6351</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[In 2005, upon the election of Pope Benedict XVI, “when he entered the dining room of the Casa Santa Marta, the cardinals joined their voices in the traditional Tu Es Petrus and Oremus pro Pontifice, boisterously intoned by the unmistakable baritone of Salvatore De Giorgio, Archbishop of Palermo” 

What is clear to me, is that Sicilians can sing regardless of their age, when they are dining, they are doing or their profession!]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN009 SICILIAN CARDINALS ARE NATURAL SINGERS</h1>				</div>
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															<img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="768" height="680" src="https://voicedetective.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ladder-Black--768x680.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-4454" alt="Drawing of Ladder in Black" srcset="https://voicedetective.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ladder-Black--768x680.jpg 768w, https://voicedetective.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ladder-Black--300x266.jpg 300w, https://voicedetective.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ladder-Black--1024x907.jpg 1024w, https://voicedetective.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ladder-Black--1536x1360.jpg 1536w, https://voicedetective.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ladder-Black--14x12.jpg 14w, https://voicedetective.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ladder-Black--600x531.jpg 600w, https://voicedetective.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ladder-Black-.jpg 1706w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" />															</div>
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									<p>In 2005, upon the election of <em>Pope Benedict XVI,</em> “when he entered the dining room of the <em>Casa Santa Marta</em>, the cardinals joined their voices in the traditional <em>Tu Es Petrus</em> Und <em>Oremus pro Pontifice</em>, boisterously intoned by the unmistakable baritone of <em>Salvatore De Giorgio, Archbishop of Palermo”</em><a style="background-color: #ffffff;" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></p><p> </p><p>What is clear to me, is that Sicilians can sing regardless of their age, when they are dining, they are doing or their profession!</p><p><a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> GEORG GAENSWEIN AND SAVERIO GRETA ., <u>WHO BELIEVES IS NOT ALONE, SAINT AUGUSTINE’S PRESS, (SOUTH BEND, </u>2023), P.60</p>								</div>
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		<title>HN008 OPERA INFLUENCES AN ARCHITECT</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2025/05/hn-hn008-opera-influences-an-architect/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 May 2025 07:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=6243</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Louis Sullivan, the great American architect of the late 19th century, called ‘Lieber Meister’ by his better known protege, Frank Lloyd Wright was not only a builder of theatres for Grand Opera, but an early lover of the Art of Opera.

Most architecture aficionados know that Sullivan and his partner Dankmar Adler designed the Auditorium Building in Chicago, a 4,500 seater for Grand Opera completed in 1889. Though sadly the theatre Sullivan designed no longer exists as envisaged, contemporaries marvelled at the acoustics which were considered the best in the world.  It also was at the time, the tallest, largest and most expensive building in the world. At its opening the President of the United States attended and Adelina Patti sang. It was as we might call it, the social and artistic event of the year. 

But what makes for a great architect when it comes to opera houses? Perhaps there is a clue in Sullivan’s own writing. In his Autobiography of an Idea published in 1924 a few years before his death in poverty in 1926.  

‘About this time flamboyantly arose Patrick Gilmore with his band and his World Jubilee. Then Louis discovered there had been in existence music quite other than oratorio, hymn, sentimental songs of the hoi polloi and burnt-cork minstrels, or the classic grinding of the hurdy-gurdy.

He found it refreshing and gay, melodious above all. When he hears full bosomed Parepa sing in coloratura, he could scarcely keep his seat; never was such a soprano heard in oratorio, and when the elder Strauss like a little he-wren mounted the conductor’s stand, violin in hand, and dancing, led the orchestra through the lively cadence of the blue Danube, Louis thought him the biggest little man on earth; and when it came to the “sextette” from Lucia, Louis roared his approval and listened just as eagerly to the inevitable encore. And the “Anvil Chorus” - oh, the Anvil Chorus! And so on, day by day, night by night from glorious beginning to glorious end. He had heard the finest voices in the world, great orchestral out-pouring, immense choruses. But he was, above all, amazed at the power of the single voice, when trained to perfection of control. He felt again with delight its unique quality, its range, its fluency, its flexibility, its emotional gamut, its direct personal intimate appeal; he felt a soul, a being, in a single voice, the heartful, the perfect instrument whereby to interpret and convey every state of feeling and of thought; and he was glad indeed.’  

Let’s unwrap this a little, and repeat the words… ‘above all, [he was] amazed at the power of the single voice, when trained to perfection of control. He felt again with delight its unique quality, its range, its fluency, its flexibility, its emotional gamut, its direct personal intimate appeal; he felt a soul, a being, in a single voice, the heartful, the perfect instrument whereby to interpret and convey every state of feeling and of thought;’ Has anyone expressed so perfectly what great singing brings? How could such a human being have not known how to design a setting to bring out the best in a voice?

Also, think that Louis in the year that he first heard Euphrosyne Parepa-Rosa was a mere 16 years old. Hearing Strauss senior play and conduct the Blue Danube, … I think its tempting to say that Sullivan’s encounter with Opera and great classical music was one of the greatest formative experiences in his life.

It doesn’t end here though. Sullivan is credited with the first true ‘skyscaper’ aesthetic.  Yet even here, when he expressed his thoughts he had to refer to music. In 1896 he wrote, ‘…what is the chief characteristic of the tall office building? And at once we answer, it is lofty. This loftiness is to the artist-nature its thrilling aspect. It is the very open organ-tone in its appeal. It must be in turn the dominant chord in his expression of it, the true excitant of his imagination. It must be tall, every inch of it tall…..It must be every inch a proud and soaring thing, rising in sheer exaltation….’  [italics mine].

Opera and music was integral to the way a great visual artist such as Louis Sullivan saw and created their world. It was one of the supreme aesthetic awakenings in his artistic life to hear performances by great musicians and this in turn influenced the course of architecture.]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN008 <span style="font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-weight )">OPERA INFLUENCES AN ARCHITECT<br></span></h1>				</div>
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<p class="Body">Louis Sullivan, the great American architect of the late 19th century, called ‘Lieber Meister’ by his better known protege, Frank Lloyd Wright was not only a builder of theatres for Grand Opera, but an early lover of the Art of Opera.</p>
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<p class="Body">
</p></div>
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<p class="Body">Most architecture <span lang="ES-TRAD">aficionados</span> know that Sullivan and his partner Dankmar Adler designed the Auditorium Building in Chicago, a 4,500 seater for Grand Opera completed in 1889. Though sadly the theatre Sullivan designed no longer exists as envisaged, contemporaries marvelled at the acoustics which were considered the best in the world.<a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_edn1" name="_ednref1"><sup>[ich]</sup></a> It also was at the time, the tallest, largest and most expensive building in the world. At its opening the President of the United States attended and Adelina Patti sang. It was as we might call it, <i><u>the</u></i> social and artistic event of the year.<a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_edn2" name="_ednref2"><sup>[ii]</sup></a></p>
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<p class="Body">
</p></div>
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<p class="Body">But what makes for a great architect when it comes to opera houses? Perhaps there is a clue in Sullivan’s own writing. In his Autobiography of an Idea published in 1924 a few years before his death in poverty in 1926. <a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_edn3" name="_ednref3"><sup>[iii]</sup></a></p>
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</p></div>
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<p class="Body">‘About this time flamboyantly arose Patrick Gilmore with his band and his World Jubilee. Then Louis discovered there had been in existence music quite other than oratorio, hymn, sentimental songs of the hoi polloi and burnt-cork minstrels, or the classic grinding of the hurdy-gurdy.</p>
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</p></div>
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<p class="Body">He found it refreshing and gay, melodious above all. When he hears full bosomed Parepa sing in <i>coloratura</i>, he could scarcely keep his seat; never was such a soprano heard in oratorio, and when the elder Strauss like a little he-wren mounted the conductor’s stand, violin in hand, and dancing, led the orchestra through the lively cadence of the blue Danube, Louis thought him the biggest little man on earth; and when it came to the “sextette” from Lucia, Louis roared his approval and listened just as eagerly to the inevitable encore. And the “Anvil Chorus” &#8211; oh, the Anvil Chorus! And so on, day by day, night by night from glorious beginning to glorious end. He had heard the finest voices in the world, great orchestral out-pouring, immense choruses. But he was, above all, amazed at the power of the single voice, when trained to perfection of control. He felt again with delight its unique quality, its range, its fluency, its flexibility, its emotional gamut, its direct personal intimate appeal; he felt a soul, a being, in a single voice, the heartful, the perfect instrument whereby to interpret and convey every state of feeling and of thought; and he was glad indeed.’ <a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_edn4" name="_ednref4"><sup>[iv]</sup></a></p>
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<p class="Body">
</p></div>
<div>
<p class="Body">Let’s unwrap this a little, and repeat the words… ‘above all, [he was] amazed at the power of the single voice, when trained to perfection of control. He felt again with delight its unique quality, its range, its fluency, its flexibility, its emotional gamut, its direct personal intimate appeal; he felt a soul, a being, in a single voice, the heartful, the perfect instrument whereby to interpret and convey every state of feeling and of thought;’ Has anyone expressed so perfectly what great singing brings? How could such a human being have not known how to design a setting to bring out the best in a voice?</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="Body">
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<p class="Body">Also, think that Louis in the year that he first heard Euphrosyne Parepa-Rosa was a mere 16 years old. Hearing Strauss senior play and conduct the Blue Danube, … I think its tempting to say that Sullivan’s encounter with Opera and great classical music was one of the greatest formative experiences in his life.</p>
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<p class="Body">It doesn’t end here though. Sullivan is credited with the first true ‘skyscaper’ aesthetic.<a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_edn5" name="_ednref5"><sup>[v]</sup></a> Yet even here, when he expressed his thoughts he had to refer to music. In 1896 he wrote, ‘…what is the chief characteristic of the tall office building? And at once we answer, it is lofty. This loftiness is to the artist-nature its thrilling aspect. It is the very open <i><u>organ-tone</u></i> in its appeal. It must be in turn the <i><u>dominant chord</u></i> in his expression of it, the true excitant of his imagination. It must be tall, every inch of it tall…..It must be every inch a proud and soaring thing, <i><u>rising in sheer exaltation</u></i>….’<a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_edn6" name="_ednref6"><sup>[v]</sup></a> [italics mine].</p>
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<p class="Body">Opera and music was integral to the way a great visual artist such as Louis Sullivan saw and created their world. It was one of the supreme aesthetic awakenings in his artistic life to hear performances by great musicians and this in turn influenced the course of architecture.</p>
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<p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_ednref1" name="_edn1"><sup>[ich]</sup></a> <a href="http://www.blueprintchicago.org/2011/01/05/the-auditorium-theater/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><b>STEVENS, CAROLINE NYE., <u>THE AUDITORIUM BUILDING</u> IN BLUEPRINT CHICAGO, (JANUARY 25, 2011)&nbsp;</b></a></p>
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<p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_ednref2" name="_edn2"><sup>[ii]</sup></a> Ebenda.</p>
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<p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_ednref3" name="_edn3"><sup>[iii]</sup></a> SULLIVAN, LOUIS H., <u>THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF AN IDEA</u>., DOVER PUBLICATIONS, NEW YORK (1956). Pp 180-181</p>
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<p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_ednref4" name="_edn4"><sup>[iv]</sup></a> Ebenda.</p>
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<p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_ednref5" name="_edn5"><sup>[v]</sup></a> Up till this time, tall buildings had been generally conceived as piles of building ‘parts’ added one top of each other, Sullivan conceived the tall building as a unity, not parts added to each other.</p>
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<p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://86EAAFCF-7E0D-4DB7-9147-F044CA23B939#_ednref6" name="_edn6"><sup>[v]</sup></a> SULLIVAN, LOUIS H., T<u>HE TALL OFFICE BUILDING ARTISTICALLY CONSIDERED </u>IN KINDERGARTEN CHATS AND OTHER WRITINGS, WITTENBORN ART BOOKS, NEW YORK (1947) P.206</p>
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		<title>HN007 CESARE RIPA’S ICONOGRAPHIA</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2025/04/hn-hn007-cesare-ripas-iconographia/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Apr 2025 07:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=6124</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Did you know that Cesare Ripa’s famous Iconographia published in 1593 provides 200 different iconographic descriptions of various ideas, concepts and moral guidance. Our description is the translation made by Edward A. Maser. 

Number 192 is Musica.

Musica is depicted as a beautiful young woman sitting astride a celestial sphere. The sphere represents the harmony of the spheres of heaven upon which earthly harmony is dependent. She is young and beautiful because Music itself is pleasurable and beautiful. Nearby is an anvil from whence according to legend Pythagoras had his moment of inspiration that the tones struck might be written down for musicians. There is also a set of scales representing the blending and balance required for harmonious music. Before her a shrub plays a lute and at the cherub’s feet a bird singing - these two represent instruments made by humankind and the music of nature herself. In the background the west wind blows gently upon a flock of swans who are alleged to sing only if praised by gentle and warm encouragement, or “like some musicians who will only sing if they are soothed by the soft breeze of praise and admiration,” to quote Ripa himself. Finally, the god of Music, Apollo himself is present in the form of a monument with a lyre - his representative musical instrument.]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN007 CESARE RIPA’S ICONOGRAPHIA</h1>				</div>
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<p class="Heading">Did you know that…</p>
<p class="Body"> </p>
<p class="Body"><i>Cesare Ripa</i>’s famous <i>Iconographia</i> published in 1593 provides 200 different iconographic descriptions of various ideas, concepts and moral guidance. Our description is the translation made by Edward A. Maser.<a title="" href="applewebdata://7A0CE770-CCE7-4898-8642-6A91B9AD6832#_edn1" name="_ednref1"><sup>[ich]</sup></a></p>
<p class="Body"> </p>
<p class="Body">Number 192 is <i>Musica</i>.</p>
<p class="Body"> </p>
<p class="Body"><i>Musica</i> is depicted as a beautiful young woman sitting astride a celestial sphere. The sphere represents the harmony of the spheres of heaven upon which earthly harmony is dependent. She is young and beautiful because Music itself is pleasurable and beautiful. Nearby is an anvil from whence according to legend <i>Pythagoras</i> had his moment of inspiration that the tones struck might be written down for musicians. There is also a set of scales representing the blending and balance required for harmonious music. Before her a shrub plays a lute and at the cherub’s feet a bird singing &#8211; these two represent instruments made by humankind and the music of nature herself. In the background the west wind blows gently upon a flock of swans who are alleged to sing only if praised by gentle and warm encouragement, or <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">„</span>like some musicians who will only sing if they are soothed by the soft breeze of praise and admiration,” to quote Ripa himself. Finally, the god of Music, Apollo himself is present in the form of a monument with a lyre &#8211; his representative musical instrument.</p>
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<p class="Body" align="center"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" 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<p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://7A0CE770-CCE7-4898-8642-6A91B9AD6832#_ednref1" name="_edn1"><sup><span lang="EN-AU">[ich]</span></sup></a> RIPA, CESARE. ICONOGRAPHIA. HERTEL EDITION 1758-60 TRANSLATED BY MASER, EDWARD A., AS BAROQUE AND ROCOCO PICTORIAL IMAGERY, NEW YORK, DOVER PUBLICATIONS (1971). NO.192 (NO PAGE NUMBERING)</p>
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		<title>HN006 SARTORIAL MOZART – NAPLES AND BEYOND</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2025/03/hn-hn006-sartorial-mozart-naples-and-beyond/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 25 Mar 2025 06:20:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=5819</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[It is well known that Mozart took an interest in his appearance, his hair and his clothes. This started at an early age, encouraged by his father Leopold, who like his son, was aware that to make it ‘in the world’, one had to not just have the talent and product of that talent, but also look the part as well. 

In 1770 when Amadeus and Leopold were touring Italy, (Amadeus being just a few months into his fifteenth year), Leopold wrote his wife on the 19th May, ‘We left our fine cloth suits in Rome and have had to wear our beautifully braided summer suits. Wolfg.’s is made of pink moiré, but the colour is so unusual that in Italy it’s called colore di fuoco, or flame-coloured: with silver lace and lined with a light sky-blue material. My suit is a kind of cinnamon colour, piquéd Florentine cloth, with silver lace and lined in apple green. Both suits are very beautiful, …’ 

In Italy, home of fashion, the sartorial purchases didn’t end at Naples that year. By the 22nd December Leopold wrote again, ‘Can you imagine Wolfg. in a scarlet suit with gold braid and sky-blue satin lining? The tailor is starting work on it today. He’ll be wearing this suit on the first 3 days, when he sits at the keyboard. The one that was made for him in Salzburg. is too short by a standing hand, and certainly too tight and small.’ Ask yourself; were the clothes from the following year already too small for Amadeus or was the delight of wearing a scarlet suit with gold braid too irresistible? 

This of course wasn’t the only occasion that a red suit caught the Maestro’s eye. Much later when no longer with his father who remained in Salzburg, Amadeus wrote, ‘As for the beautiful red coat that tickles my fancy so dreadfully, I’d be grateful if you could let me know where I can get it and how much it costs, as I’ve forgotten - I was so taken with its beauty that I didn’t notice the price. - I really have to have a coat like that, as it’s worth it just for the buttons that I’ve been hankering after for some time;..’  He went on in the same letter of 28 September 1782 (now 26 years of age) to complain, “I’d like to have everything that is good and beautiful! - But why is it that those who are not in a position to do so want to spend all their money on such things, whereas those who are in a position to do so do not do so?’ But before we judge him, or accuse him of envy, remember this was the era before the French Revolution. It was an age of enlightenment, fashion and wit. Clothes made the man.

And now to his hair! In September 1777 Amadeus was in Munich. Count Seeau was the Director of Opera at the Electoral Court. Mozart wrote his father, ‘We were already up again at 7 on the 25th, but my hair was in such a mess that it wasn’t until 1/2 past 10 that I arrived at Count Seeau’s…’  Three and half hours after starting his hair it was done! Talk about a bad-hair day.

Marriage and domesticity may have changed Mozart’s sartorial ambition, but ‘After the Honeymoon the Laundry’, and we find him writing his wife Constanze on the 8th October 1791, ’N.B.: You presumably sent the 2 pairs of yellow winter breeches that go with the boots to the laundry as Joseph and I have looked for them in vain.’  This was just two months before his untimely death.]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN006 SARTORIAL MOZART – NAPLES AND BEYOND</h1>				</div>
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									<div><div class="WordSection1"><p class="Body">It is well known that Mozart took an interest in his appearance, his hair and his clothes. This started at an early age, encouraged by his father Leopold, who like his son, was aware that to make it ‘in the world’, one had to not just have the talent and product of that talent, but also look the part as well.</p></div></div><div><div class="WordSection3"><p class="Body">In 1770 when Amadeus and Leopold were touring Italy, (Amadeus being just a few months into his fifteenth year), Leopold wrote his wife on the 19th May, ‘We left our fine cloth suits in Rome and have had to wear our beautifully braided summer suits. Wolfg.’s is made of pink moiré, but the colour is so unusual that in Italy it’s called <i>colore di fuoco</i>, or flame-coloured: with silver lace and lined with a light sky-blue material. My suit is a kind of cinnamon colour, piquéd Florentine cloth, with silver lace and lined in apple green. Both suits are very beautiful, …’<a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_edn1" name="_ednref1"><sup>[ich]</sup></a></p><p class="Body">In Italy, home of fashion, the sartorial purchases didn’t end at Naples that year. By the 22nd December Leopold wrote again, ‘Can you imagine Wolfg. in a scarlet suit with gold braid and sky-blue satin lining? The tailor is starting work on it today. He<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">&#039;</span>ll be wearing this suit on the first 3 days, when he sits at the keyboard. The one that was made for him in Salzburg. is too short by a standing hand, and certainly too tight and small.’ Ask yourself; were the clothes from the following year already too small for Amadeus or was the delight of wearing a scarlet suit with gold braid too irresistible?<a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_edn2" name="_ednref2"><sup>[ii]</sup></a></p><p class="Body">This of course wasn’t the only occasion that a <i>red suit</i> caught the Maestro’s eye. Much later when no longer with his father who remained in Salzburg, Amadeus wrote, ‘As for the beautiful red coat that tickles my fancy so dreadfully, I’d be grateful if you could let me know <i>where I can get it</i> Und <i>how much it costs</i>, as I’ve forgotten &#8211; I was so taken with its beauty that I didn’t notice the price. &#8211; I really have to have a coat like that, as it’s worth it just for the buttons that I’ve been hankering after for some time;..’<a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_edn3" name="_ednref3"><sup>[iii]</sup></a> He went on in the same letter of 28 September 1782 (now 26 years of age) to complain, “I’d like to have everything that is good and beautiful! &#8211; But why is it that those who are not in a position to do so want to spend all their money on such things, whereas those who <i>are</i> in a position to do so do not do so?’ But before we judge him, or accuse him of envy, remember this was the era before the French Revolution. It was an age of enlightenment, fashion and wit. Clothes made the man.</p><p class="Body">And now to his hair! In September 1777 Amadeus was in Munich. Count Seeau was the Director of Opera at the Electoral Court. Mozart wrote his father, ‘We were already up again at 7 on the 25th, but my hair was in such a mess that it wasn<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">&#039;</span>t until 1/2 past 10 that I arrived at Count Seeau<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">&#039;</span>s…’<a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_edn4" name="_ednref4"><sup>[iv]</sup></a> Three and half hours after starting his hair it was done! Talk about a bad-hair day.</p><p class="Body">Marriage and domesticity may have changed Mozart’s sartorial ambition, but <i>‘After the Honeymoon the Laundry’,</i> and we find him writing his wife Constanze on the 8th October 1791, ’N.B.: You presumably sent the 2 pairs of yellow winter breeches that go with the boots to the laundry as Joseph and I have looked for them in vain.’<a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_edn5" name="_ednref5"><sup>[v]</sup></a> This was just two months before his untimely death.</p><p> </p></div></div><div><p class="Body"> </p></div><div><div><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div id="edn1"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_ednref1" name="_edn1"><sup><span lang="EN-AU">[ich]</span></sup></a> WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART A LIFE IN LETTERS &#8211; MOZART,W.A., EDITED BY EISEN, CLIFF.,  TRANSLATED BY SPENCER, STEWART, PENGUIN BOOKS LONDON (2006). P.200</p></div><div id="edn2"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_ednref2" name="_edn2"><sup><span lang="EN-AU">[ii]</span></sup></a> IBID.P123</p></div><div id="edn3"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_ednref3" name="_edn3"><sup><span lang="EN-AU">[iii]</span></sup></a> IBID. P.458</p></div><div id="edn4"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_ednref4" name="_edn4"><sup><span lang="EN-AU">[iv]</span></sup></a> IBID. P.163</p></div><div id="edn5"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://64D46632-A90F-4F89-AF87-8FF56E785EB4#_ednref5" name="_edn5"><sup><span lang="EN-AU">[v]</span></sup></a> IBID. P.566</p></div></div></div>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">CHECK OUT THE VOICE DETECTIVE SHOW </h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"> EPISODE 10</h2>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">THE ART OF NEAPOLITAN TAYLORING</h2>				</div>
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									<div><p class="Body"> </p></div><div><p class="Body">In the world of high-class bespoke tailoring, Mariano Rubinacci combines a long family tradition of elegant, comfortable tailoring with the indisputable eye of an artist. He just doesn’t produce artisan clothing, but adds another dimension to the world of intelligent, aesthetic and well-considered fashion.</p></div><div><p class="Body"> </p></div><div><p class="Body">Mariano took over the family tailoring firm at the very young age of 18 in 1961 after his father died. He learned one might say, by doing. His eye for a good profile, the way clothing should enhance the ‘<i>bella figura</i>’ of a client, and the informed advice he provided,  continued the fine tradition embodied in the Rubinacci name. His father, who had started the firm in 1930, had been sartorial arbiter to Neapolitan society, and decided to start producing clothing for his friends and acquaintances, importing the finest wools and silks. Mariano and now his son Luca, continue this tradition. His other children too are involved intimately with the house of Rubinacci.</p></div><div><p class="Body"> </p></div><div><p class="Body">Just like his father before him, Mariano has tailored the most beautiful clothing for a virtual who’s who of the world of the arts, culture and politics.</p></div><div><p class="Body"> </p></div><div><p class="Body">Mariano is a proud Neapolitan. He feels in his being a Neapolitan wherever he is. The Neapolitan tradition of fine tailoring and style is what he seeks to bring to the wider world. To quote Mariano himself, ‘Leaving Naples to stay in Naples. Selling Naples throughout the world. This is one of my greatest aspirations. To make others understand our aesthetic sense.’</p></div><div><p class="Body"> </p></div><div><p class="Body">Today, the house of Rubinacci is found in Naples, Milan and London.</p></div><p> </p>								</div>
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		<title>HN005 Neapolitan Song: The French Connection</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2024/12/hn-hn005-neapolitan-song-the-french-connection/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Dec 2024 07:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=5496</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[No, this is not about organised crime. 

Its about the establishment of a canon of Neapolitan song in the early years of the 19th Century. Scholars have debated the origins and sources of Neapolitan song for many decades, but one thing on which all agree, is that without the transcription and composition of Neapolitan song undertaken by a Frenchman, Guillaume Cottrau, and published by him from 1824 to 1829, we would not have Neapolitan songs as we know them.

Cottrau was born in Paris, but came to Naples as a child, and became to all intents and purposes, a Neapolitan by inclination and adoption without losing his French roots. When his family returned to Paris, Cottrau himself had put down firm roots in Naples and had married into a Neapolitan family as well.

Cottrau collected and transcribed the music that he found in the streets, highways, and countryside. He also published these songs, under the title of Passatempi musicale for the fast growing bourgeois salons where a piano was the instrument de rigeur, and in so doing added, transformed, re-wrote and even composed his own Neapolitan songs. How far he went in changing the words, music and character we may never know. What we do know though, is that without his work, many songs would have been lost forever, and so we must be grateful for what he saved. Through his French connection, his publishing house Girard, spread Neapolitan song throughout Europe and beyond, and today it is a recognisable music the world over.]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN005 NEAPOLITAN SONG:<br>THE FRENCH CONNECTION</h1>				</div>
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									<p>No, this is not about organised crime.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p><p>Its about the establishment of a canon of Neapolitan song in the early years of the 19th Century. Scholars have debated the origins and sources of Neapolitan song for many decades, but one thing on which all agree, is that without the transcription and composition of Neapolitan song undertaken by a Frenchman, <i>Guillaume Cottrau</i>, and published by him from 1824 to 1829, we would not have Neapolitan songs as we know them.</p><p><i>Cottrau</i> was born in Paris, but came to Naples as a child, and became to all intents and purposes, a Neapolitan by inclination and adoption without losing his French roots. When his family returned to Paris, Cottrau himself had put down firm roots in Naples and had married into a Neapolitan family as well.</p><p><i>Cottrau</i> collected and transcribed the music that he found in the streets, highways, and countryside. He also published these songs, under the title of <i>Passatempi musicale </i>for the fast growing bourgeois salons where a piano was the instrument <i>de rigeur,</i> and in so doing added, transformed, re-wrote and even composed his own Neapolitan songs. How far he went in changing the words, music and character we may never know. What we do know though, is that without his work, many songs would have been lost forever, and so we must be grateful for what he saved. Through his French connection, his publishing house Girard, spread Neapolitan song throughout Europe and beyond, and today it is a recognisable music the world over.</p>								</div>
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		<title>HN004 Leonardo da Vinci, his musicianship and the Mona Lisa</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2024/10/hn004-leonardo-da-vinci-his-musicianship-and-the-mona-lisa/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 Oct 2024 06:46:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=5194</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[We know that Leonardo da Vinci was raised and trained in Florence, within the beating heart of the Renaissance. We also think of him as the painter of the Mona Lisa and as an outstanding researcher into the wonders of nature. He was active for many years at the court of the Dukes of Milan where he painted his famous Last Supper.

But, how many of us are aware that, according to his early biographer, Giorgio Vasari, Leonardo da Vinci was initially summoned to Milan due to his reputation as a musician? I quote from A.B. Hinds translation, of Vasari’s lives, ‘On the death of Giovan. Galeazzo, Duke of Milan, and the accession of Ludovico Sforza in the same year, 1493, Lionardo was invited to Milan to play the lyre, in which that prince greatly delighted. Lionardo took his own instrument, made by himself in silver, and shaped like a horse’s head,  a curious and novel idea to render the harmonies more loud and sonorous, so that he surpassed all the musicians who had assembled there.’ 

The relation between Leonardo and music doesn’t stop here though. He wrote many notes in his research and pondering on the nature of sound, and about music and the production of sounds. But as a final interesting fact, and again from Vasari, whilst painting the Mona Lisa, ‘he engaged people to play and sing, and jesters to keep her merry, and remove that melancholy which painting usually gives to portraits.’]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN004 Leonardo da Vinci, seine Musikalität und die Mona Lisa</h1>				</div>
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									<div><p class="Heading">Wir wissen, dass <i>Leonardo da Vinci</i> wuchs in Florenz auf und wurde dort ausgebildet, im pulsierenden Herzen der Renaissance. Wir betrachten ihn auch als den Maler der <i>Mona Lisa</i> und als herausragender Forscher der Wunder der Natur. Er war viele Jahre am Hof der Herzöge von Mailand tätig, wo er seine berühmten <i>Letztes Abendmahl</i>.</p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">Aber wie viele von uns sind sich bewusst, dass seinem frühen Biographen zufolge <i>Giorgio Vasari, Leonardo da Vinci </i>wurde ursprünglich aufgrund seines Rufs als Musiker nach Mailand gerufen? Ich zitiere aus AB Hinds Übersetzung von Vasaris Leben: „Nach dem Tod von Giovan. Galeazzo, Herzog von Mailand, und der Thronbesteigung von Ludovico Sforza im selben Jahr, 1493, wurde Lionardo nach Mailand eingeladen, um die Leier zu spielen, an der dieser Prinz große Freude hatte. Lionardo nahm sein eigenes Instrument mit, das er selbst aus Silber gefertigt hatte und das die Form eines Pferdes hatte.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">&#039;</span><span lang="EN-US">s Kopf, eine merkwürdige und neuartige Idee, die Harmonien lauter und klangvoller zu machen, sodass er alle dort versammelten Musiker übertraf.“</span><a title="" href="applewebdata://E6CF383E-0F79-49DB-88D7-15AF8D7F6ED2#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><sup><span lang="EN-US">[1]</span></sup></a></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">Die Beziehung zwischen Leonardo und der Musik endet hier jedoch nicht. Er schrieb viele Notizen in seinen Forschungen und Überlegungen zur Natur des Klangs und zur Musik und der Erzeugung von Klängen. Aber als letzte interessante Tatsache und wieder aus <i>Vasari</i>, während des Malens der <i>Mona Lisa</i>„Er engagierte Leute zum Spielen und Singen und Hofnarren, um sie bei Laune zu halten und die Melancholie zu vertreiben, die Porträts normalerweise durch die Malerei verliehen wird.“ </span><a title="" href="applewebdata://E6CF383E-0F79-49DB-88D7-15AF8D7F6ED2#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"><sup><span lang="EN-US">[2]</span></sup></a></p></div><div><div><p> </p><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div id="ftn1"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://E6CF383E-0F79-49DB-88D7-15AF8D7F6ED2#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><sup>[1]</sup></a><span lang="EN-US"> VASARI, GIORGIO. T<u>ER LEBEN VON DEN MALERN, BILDHAUERN UND ARCHITEKTEN BAND 2</u> ÜBERSETZT VON AB HINDS LONDON 1927, ÜBERARBEITETE AUSGABE, DENT, 1963, S. 160</span></p></div><div id="ftn2"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://E6CF383E-0F79-49DB-88D7-15AF8D7F6ED2#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2"><sup>[2]</sup></a><span lang="EN-US"> Ebenda. S. 164</span></p></div></div></div>								</div>
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		<title>HN003 Franz Kafka’s ‘Unmusicality’</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2024/09/hn-hn003-franz-kafkas-unmusicality/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Sep 2024 19:02:01 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=4818</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Der deutschsprachige Autor Franz Kafka schrieb sehr wenig über Musik. Tatsächlich behauptete er in einem Tagebucheintrag vom 13. Dezember 1911: „Das Wesen meiner Unmusikalität besteht darin, dass ich Musik nicht zusammenhängend genießen kann; sie wirkt nur ab und zu auf mich, und wie selten ist sie musikalisch …“ Trotzdem wissen wir, dass man ein Buch nie nach seinem Einband lesen sollte. Später im Jahr 1912, als er in Weimar war, notierte er: „Carmen-Gartenkonzert. Völlig in seinen Bann gezogen.“ Wenn also jemand behauptet, unmusikalisch zu sein, ist das keine Tatsachenfeststellung. Wie alle Menschen sind wir empfänglich für Musik. Tatsächlich war Kafka ein scharfer Beobachter von Gefühlen und seine seltenen Tagebucheinträge von Opernaufführungen zeigen unmissverständlich, dass er stark auf Musik, Tanz und Gesang reagierte.]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN003 Franz Kafkas „Unmusikalität“</h1>				</div>
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<p class="Heading"><span lang="EN-US">Der deutschsprachige Autor <i>Franz Kafka </i>schrieb sehr wenig über Musik. Tatsächlich behauptete er sogar in einem Tagebucheintrag vom 13. Dezember 1911: „Das Wesen meiner Unmusikalität besteht in meiner Unfähigkeit, Musik zusammenhängend zu genießen. Sie hat nur ab und zu eine Wirkung auf mich, und wie selten ist sie eine musikalische …“ </span><a title="" href="applewebdata://C3C623F7-097B-4E35-9908-3C4B84232F0E#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1"><sup><span lang="EN-US">[1]</span></sup></a><span lang="EN-US"> Dennoch wissen wir, dass man ein Buch nie nach seinem Einband lesen sollte. Später im Jahr 1912, als er in Weimar war, notierte er:<i>Carmen</i> Gartenkonzert. Völlig in seinen Bann gezogen.‘ </span><a title="" href="applewebdata://C3C623F7-097B-4E35-9908-3C4B84232F0E#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2"><sup><span lang="EN-US">[2]</span></sup></a><span lang="EN-US"> Wenn also jemand behauptet, unmusikalisch zu sein, ist das keine Tatsachenbehauptung. Wie alle Menschen sind wir empfänglich für Musik. <i>Kafka</i> war ein aufmerksamer Beobachter von Gefühlen und seine seltenen Tagebucheinträge zu Opernaufführungen zeigen unmissverständlich, dass er stark auf Musik, Tanz und Gesang reagierte.</span></p>
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<p class="Footnote"><b>ENDNOTEN</b></p><p class="Footnote"><sup><a title="" href="applewebdata://C3C623F7-097B-4E35-9908-3C4B84232F0E#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">[</a></sup><a title="" href="applewebdata://C3C623F7-097B-4E35-9908-3C4B84232F0E#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><sup>1]</sup></a> <span lang="EN-US">KAFKA, FRANZ; <u>DIE TAGEBÜCHER VON FRANZ KAFKA, HERAUSGEBER VON MAX BROD</u> ÜBERSETZUNG SECKER &amp; WARBURG, HARMONDSWORTH 1975, S. 137</span></p>
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<p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://C3C623F7-097B-4E35-9908-3C4B84232F0E#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> <span lang="EN-US">Ebenda, S. 471</span></p>
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		<title>HN002 Composing songs in dreams</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2024/08/hn-hn002-composing-songs-in-dreams/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Aug 2024 09:40:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=4463</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[There is a less known tradition of composers receiving melodies and songs when dreaming.

We can take two examples provided in Lewis M. Holmes’ fascinating book, The Mystery of Music; 
The first is from ancient China, where the reforming Emperor XUANDONG, who took a keen interest in music both as a state regulated activity and a composer himself, is alleged to have drawn inspiration from dreams. YO SHI a later commentator reported that ‘the Emperor composed a song called “Return to the Purple Clouds” after having dreamt of ten immortals descending in chariots, holding musical instruments, and singing. Dreaming of a dragon lady supposedly led him to compose the song titled “Skimming the Waves.” According to Chinese legend, it was a fantastic visit to the moon that inspired his. composition Nishan yuyi qu’ 

The second example is from Al-Andalūs and the musician, singer and composer Ziryāb, who lived between 790 and 850 CE. Ziryāb would sleep but have two attendant slaves on the alert each night, named Ghizlān and Hunayada. Ziryāb  would sleep and if he dreamt of a new song or melody, he would awake and teach these musically trained slaves the music and words to memorise which they would then dutifully play for him the next morning. Then he would revise the compositions. 

To demonstrate that dreaming of music is still relevant in modern times, we can turn to a contemporary, Paul McCartney. In McCartney’s own words as reported by Hugh MacIntyre on the 22 February 2024, in Forbes Magazine, “I went to sleep one night and dreamed a tune. Somewhere in my dream I heard this tune. When I woke up, I go I love that tune–it’s great. I love that one,” McCartney stated in the interview. He added that once he was awake and realized he had something special in mind, he “kind of fell out of bed and the piano was right there to the left of my bed and I just sort of thought well I’ll try and work out how this song goes.”  The song McCartney is referring to, is the classic and unforgettable, ‘Yesterday’. How many more musical compositions are there out there dreamt by their composers? How often do we dream new melodies?]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN002 Lieder im Traum komponieren</h1>				</div>
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									<div><p class="Heading">Es gibt eine weniger bekannte Tradition, dass Komponisten im Traum Melodien und Lieder empfangen.</p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US"> </span>Wir können zwei Beispiele aus Lewis M. Holmes&#039; faszinierendem Buch „T<u>das Mysterium der Musik;</u></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">Die erste stammt aus dem alten China, wo die Reformen <i>Kaiser XUANDONG</i>, der sich sowohl für die staatlich regulierte Musik als auch als Komponist stark interessierte, soll seine Inspiration aus Träumen bezogen haben. <i>YO SHI</i> Ein späterer Kommentator berichtete, dass „der Kaiser ein Lied komponierte, das heißt:<i>Kehre zu den violetten Wolken zurück</i>“, nachdem er von zehn Unsterblichen geträumt hatte, die in Streitwagen herabstiegen, Musikinstrumente hielten und sangen. Der Traum von einer Drachenfrau brachte ihn angeblich dazu, das Lied mit dem Titel „<i>Über die Wellen gleiten.</i>„Der chinesischen Legende zufolge war es ein fantastischer Besuch auf dem Mond, der ihn zu seiner Komposition inspirierte. <i>Nishan Yuyi Qu&#039;</i></span><a title="" href="applewebdata://29BBF78D-9C49-43BA-8006-78E1794FB530#_edn1" name="_ednref1"><i><sup><span lang="EN-US"><b>[ich]</b></span></sup></i></a></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">Das zweite Beispiel stammt aus Al-Andalus und der Musiker, Sänger und Komponist <i>Ziryab, </i>der zwischen 790 und 850 n. Chr. lebte. <i>Ziryab</i> würde schlafen, aber jede Nacht zwei Sklaven auf der Hut haben, genannt <i>Ghizlan</i> Und <i>Hunayada.</i>  schlief, und wenn er von einem neuen Lied oder einer neuen Melodie träumte, wachte er auf und brachte diesen musikalisch ausgebildeten Sklaven die Musik und die Worte zum Auswendiglernen bei, die sie ihm dann am nächsten Morgen brav vorspielten. Dann überarbeitete er die Kompositionen.</span><a title="" href="applewebdata://29BBF78D-9C49-43BA-8006-78E1794FB530#_edn2" name="_ednref2"><sup><span lang="EN-US">[ii]</span></sup></a></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">Um zu zeigen, dass das Träumen von Musik auch in der heutigen Zeit noch relevant ist, können wir uns an einen Zeitgenossen wenden: Paul McCartney. In McCartneys eigenen Worten, wie sie Hugh MacIntyre am 22. Februar 2024 im Forbes Magazine berichtete, </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">„</span><span lang="EN-US">Ich ging eines Nachts schlafen und träumte eine Melodie. Irgendwo in meinem Traum hörte ich diese Melodie. Als ich aufwachte, dachte ich: Ich liebe diese Melodie – sie</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">&#039;</span><span lang="EN-US">s großartig. Ich liebe das“, sagte McCartney im Interview. Er fügte hinzu, dass er, als er wach war und merkte, dass er etwas Besonderes im Sinn hatte, </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">„</span><span lang="EN-US">irgendwie fiel ich aus dem Bett und das Klavier war genau dort links von meinem Bett und ich dachte nur, na ja, ich</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA">&#039;</span><span lang="EN-US">Ich werde versuchen, herauszufinden, wie das Lied geht.“</span><a title="" href="applewebdata://29BBF78D-9C49-43BA-8006-78E1794FB530#_edn3" name="_ednref3"><sup><span lang="EN-US">[iii]</span></sup></a><span lang="EN-US"> Das Lied, auf das sich McCartney bezieht, ist der Klassiker und unvergessliche „Yesterday“. Wie viele weitere Musikkompositionen gibt es da draußen, von denen ihre Komponisten geträumt haben? Wie oft träumen wir von neuen Melodien? </span></p></div><div><div><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div id="edn1"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://29BBF78D-9C49-43BA-8006-78E1794FB530#_ednref1" name="_edn1"><sup>[ich]</sup></a> <span lang="EN-US">HOLMES. LEWIS M., <u>DAS GEHEIMNIS DER MUSIK – EINE ERKUNDUNG DES LEBENS VON DREISSIG ANTIKEN MUSIKER</u>, VERMONT 2018., S. 43-4</span></p></div><div id="edn2"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://29BBF78D-9C49-43BA-8006-78E1794FB530#_ednref2" name="_edn2"><sup>[II]</sup></a> <span lang="EN-US">Ebenda. S. 266-7</span></p></div><div id="edn3"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://29BBF78D-9C49-43BA-8006-78E1794FB530#_ednref3" name="_edn3"><sup>[III]</sup></a> <span lang="EN-US"><b><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/hughmcintyre/2024/02/22/paul-mccartney-reveals-the-beatles-yesterday-came-to-him-in-a-dream/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">HUGH MCINTYRE UND PAUL MCCCARTNEY VERRATEN, DASS IHM „YESTERDAY“ VON DEN BEATLES IN EINEM TRAUM KOMMT, FORBES, 22. FEBRUAR 2024</a></b></span></p></div></div></div>								</div>
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		<title>HN0001 &#8211; Cantate versus Cantatore</title>
		<link>https://voicedetective.com/de/2024/07/hn-hn0001-cantate-versus-cantatore/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Voice Detective]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 24 Jul 2024 09:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[HIGH NOTES]]></category>
		<guid ispermalink="false">https://voicedetective.com/?p=4453</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[In the wonderful book written about Naples by Marius Kociejowski, in which he interviews contemporary Neapolitans in a quest to delve deeply into their city and culture, he discusses with a contemporary street performer, the difference between a cantate and a cantatore. Kociejowski writes, “‘There is a difference between the cantante and the cantatore,’ Marcello continued. ‘The cantante is simply a singer whereas the cantatore improvises or. rather, creates the lyrics and music, telling stories that come from real life.”  The English language lacks a word for such a difference.

How does the performance of opera relate to this difference? Coloratura would be one place to start. Embellishment of the arias and songs. Live theatre as we know, allows the performers to reference contemporary events by altering the words but not the story. The street is not so far from the theatre as one might suppose, nor is opera so far removed from daily life and the hopes and fears of ordinary people in extraordinary circumstances. Bringing an opera to life through performance makes a classical singer de facto into a cantatore. When an audience is profoundly moved it is the performer that creates that response.]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">HN001 SINGLE V SINGER

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									<div><p class="Heading"> </p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">In dem wunderbaren Buch über Neapel von Marius Kociejowski, in dem er zeitgenössische Neapolitaner interviewt, um tief in ihre Stadt und Kultur einzutauchen, diskutiert er mit einem zeitgenössischen Straßenkünstler den Unterschied zwischen einem <i>Kantate</i> und ein <i>Kantator.</i> Kociejowski schreibt: „Es gibt einen Unterschied zwischen der <i>Sänger</i> und die <i>Kantator</i>,&#039; fuhr Marcello fort. &#039;Die <i>Sänger</i> ist einfach ein Sänger, während der <i>Kantator</i> improvisiert bzw. kreiert Texte und Musik und erzählt Geschichten, die aus dem wahren Leben stammen.“</span><a title="" href="applewebdata://F8C3394F-B852-414A-AF55-460C3A7CA00D#_edn1" name="_ednref1"><sup><span lang="EN-US">[ich]</span></sup></a><span lang="EN-US"> In der englischen Sprache gibt es kein Wort für einen solchen Unterschied.</span></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">Wie verhält sich die Aufführung einer Oper zu diesem Unterschied? Koloraturen wären ein Ansatzpunkt. Ausschmückungen der Arien und Lieder. Wie wir wissen, ermöglicht das Live-Theater den Darstellern, auf zeitgenössische Ereignisse Bezug zu nehmen, indem sie die Worte, aber nicht die Handlung verändern. Die Straße ist nicht so weit vom Theater entfernt, wie man annehmen könnte, und auch die Oper ist nicht so weit vom Alltag und den Hoffnungen und Ängsten gewöhnlicher Menschen in außergewöhnlichen Umständen entfernt. Eine Oper durch die Aufführung zum Leben zu erwecken, macht einen klassischen Sänger zu einem <i>de facto</i> in eine <i>Kantator. </i>Wenn ein Publikum zutiefst bewegt ist, ist es der Künstler, der diese Reaktion hervorruft.</span></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p></div><div><p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p></div><div><div><p> </p><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div id="edn1"><p class="Footnote"><a title="" href="applewebdata://F8C3394F-B852-414A-AF55-460C3A7CA00D#_ednref1" name="_edn1"><sup>[ich]</sup></a> <span lang="EN-US">KOCIEJOWSKI, M. – <u>Die Schlange, die sich in Neapel zusammenrollte</u> , ARMCHAIR TRAVELLER, (LONDON 2023 PAPERBACK), S. 415</span></p></div></div></div>								</div>
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